Following the end of the Napoleonic Wars in Europe, Denmark which had ruled Norway for centuries, was forced to sign Norway over to Sweden (this is what happens when you back a French emperor with ideas above his station) who had subsequently lost control of Finland to Russia. That was 17 May 1814.

In 1905, Norway finally regained her independence by peaceful means from Sweden, and despite mass poverty, became one of the most envied countries in the world for the lifestyle enjoyed by her citizens, where poverty, homelessness and unemployment are low; where state benefits are nothing to be ashamed of accepting; where world leaders come to try and discuss how to solve the problems in their own country.

Over a century on since independence, and Norway continues to celebrate 17 May as its national day. People parade in national costume; children enjoy eating as much ice cream as they want; and everyone has the day off.

Edinburgh is home to the largest event outside of Norway for 17 May celebrations, when the local Norwegian population descends upon the main street of Scotland's capital, to wave flags and celebrate the freedom of their rød, hvitt og blått.